Lincoln County Code (LCC) About Heliports in an Agriculture Conservation Area

Compiler of this Information & Webmaster: Range Bayer. Last Revised: 10 September 2003

Introduction

The Lincoln County Code (LCC) is a codification (compilation) of ordinances enacted by the Lincoln County Board of Commissioners. The LCC web site contains the 2003 Lincoln County Code, with all ordinances codified as of January 1, 2003.

The LCC web page is divided into Chapters. The only Chapter in which I found "heli" (which would find instances of "heliport," "helipad," or "helicopter") during a computer search was Chapter 1: Land Use Planning.

In a computer search for "heli" of Chapter 1 of the Lincoln County Code, I found the "heli" often, However, I have only included Lincoln County Code about heliports that applies to land zoned Agriculture Conservation because that is the zoning for the proposed heliport at South Beaver Creek.

Chap. 1 is 139 pages long and is a 451K PDF file, so it can take a long time to download on a dial-up Internet connection..

I am not a land use expert or lawyer, so I may have missed something relevant to the heliport issue. Accordingly, I urge readers who are deeply interested in this issue to read Chapter 1 or other Chapters of Lincoln County Code for themselves.

Below are portions of Chapter 1 that I found that appear relevant to the heliport issue at South Beaver Creek.

I have added LCC designations for LCC items that are linked. ...=material not included because I did not think it was relevant. I have only boldfaced material that was boldfaced on the LCC web page. I have also included an Oregon Administrative Rule and an Oregon Revised Statute that was cited in the Lincoln County Code.


Contents (with some highlights)

1.0145 Transportation Policies.
1.0145(22): development of heliports restricted to areas with no potential for residential use.

1.1373 Agricultural Conservation Zone A-C.
1.1373(3): heliports are a Conditional Use.

1.1630 Standards and Procedures Governing Conditional Uses.
1.1630(1b): Conditional Uses are to be compatible with existing and projected uses of surrounding lands.
1.1630(19a): heliports require provisional approval from the Oregon Department of Aviation.
1.1630(19b): applicable noise standards of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality shall be met by heliports.
1.1630(24a): a heliport can be used infrequently by guests of the owner, but no exception for Conditional Use is mentioned if the owner uses the heliport infrequently.

1.1935 Scenic Areas, Historic and Archaeological Sites, and Fish and Wildlife Habitats.
Guidelines for not destroying these resources.

1.1940 Airport Areas.
1.1940(1): airports must be protected from encroaching incompatible uses "which may have a deleterious effect on the expansion or future operation of the facility."
1.1940, 1.1940(1), and 1.1940(3): protection of airports does not distinguish between protections for public and private airports, and 1.1940(1) specifically states "all airports." 1.1940(2): private heliports are specifically mentioned and "may still be subject to applicable restrictions."
1.1940(3) and following sections: if an airport is approved, then restrictions are placed on neighboring landowners if their activities may impair visibility or safety of aircraft using the airport, including creating "bird strike hazards"; a residential density greater than one unit per five acres is prohibited in airport approach zone.

Oregon Administrative Rule (OAR) 660-033-0130(5).

Oregon Revised Statute (ORS) Chapter 215. County Planning; Zoning; Housing Codes.


Lincoln County Codes (LCC)

LCC 1.0145 Transportation Policies
  ...
  (20)  Lincoln County shall encourage the improvement of existing 
      airports.
  (21)  Lincoln County shall work with citizens, the Department of 
      Transportation Aeronautics Division, and cities to develop 
      zones which designate surrounding land uses compatible with 
      airports.  [In July 2000, the Department of Transportation 
      Aeronautics Division became the Oregon Department of
      Aviation, according to their "Agency History" at
      http://www.aviation.state.or.us/departments/history.shtml]
  1.0145(22)  Development of heliports, except for emergency use, shall be 
      restricted to commercial, industrial, forest, and agricultural 
      areas and residential areas where the approach and departure
      occur over areas where there is no potential for residential 
      use.
  (23)  The Lincoln County Airport Advisory Committee shall advise 
      the County on all land use matters pertinent to airport and 
      aircraft safety.
  ...

LCC 1.1373 Agricultural Conservation Zone A-C
  ...
 1.1373(3)  Additional Conditional Uses Permitted that are Subject to OAR 
      660-33-130(5):
      The following uses and their accessory uses may be permitted 
      subject to the provisions of subsection (6) of this section and 
      the applicable provisions of LCC 1.1401 to 1.1499, 1.1501 to
      1.1599, 1.1601 to 1.1699, and 1.1901 to 1.1999:
[Note by Range Bayer: I have only included sections on this web page 
that I thought were relevant to the heliport issue.  I urge the 
reader to read these sections in their entirety in Lincoln County
Code Chapter 1.]

  ...
       1.1373(3)(h) Personal use airports and heliports, including associated 
          hangars and maintenance and service facilities.
  ... 
  (6)  Requirements for Conditional Uses Subject To OAR 660-33-130(5):
      Approval of uses subject to the requirements of this subsection 
      requires findings that such uses:
     (a)  Will not force a significant change in a accepted farm or 
        forest practices on surrounding lands devoted to farm or 
        forest use; and
     (b)  Will not significantly increase the cost of accepted farm or 
        forest practices on lands devoted to farm or forest use.
  ... 

LCC 1.1630 Standards and Procedures Governing Conditional Uses
      In addition to the standards of the zone in which the 
      conditional use is located and the other standards of this 
      chapter, conditional uses shall meet the following standards:
  (1) General standards:
       In addition to the other applicable standards of this section, 
       all conditional uses, except for dwellings authorized in the 
       T-C and A-C zones, shall comply with the following 
       requirements:
     (a)  The site under consideration is suitable for the proposed use 
        considering:
        (i) The size, design and operating characteristics of the use.
        (ii) The adequacy of transportation access to the site.
        (iii) The natural and physical features of the site such as 
            general typography, natural hazards, natural resource 
            values, and other features.
      1.1630(1)(b)  The proposed use is compatible with existing and projected 
        uses on surrounding lands, considering the factors in 
        paragraph (a) of this subsection.
  ...
  1.1630(17)  All conditional uses within an A-C Zone shall be reviewed as 
       required in ORS chapter 215.  
 ...
  (19)  Standards for heliports:
     1.1630(19)(a)  There shall be provisional approval from the Oregon 
        Department of Transportation, Aeronautics Division.  [In July 2000, 
        the Department of Transportation Aeronautics Division became the 
        Oregon Department of Aviation, according to their "Agency History" at
        http://www.aviation.state.or.us/departments/history.shtml]
     1.1630(19)(b)  Applicable noise standards of the Oregon Department of 
        Environmental Quality shall be met.
...
  (24)  Standards for personal use airports:
     1.1630(24)(a)  Personal use airports or helipads shall be restricted, except 
        for aircraft emergencies, to use by the owner, by commercial 
        aviation activities in conjunction with agriculture, and 
        infrequent and occasional use by invited guests.
     (b)  No aircraft may be based on a personal use airport other than 
        those owned or controlled by the owner of the facility.
     (c)  Exceptions to the limitations on permitted activities 
        contained herein may be allowed subject to a specific waiver 
        action by the State Aeronautics Division authorizing the 
        activity.  [In July 2000, the Department of Transportation 
        Aeronautics Division became the Oregon Department of
        Aviation, according to their "Agency History" at
        http://www.aviation.state.or.us/departments/history.shtml]
...


LCC 1.1935  Scenic Areas, Historic and Archaeological Sites, and Fish 
       and Wildlife Habitats
       The following development guidelines shall apply to scenic 
       areas, historic and archaeological sites and fish and wildlife 
       habitats as identified in the Lincoln County Comprehensive 
       Plan Inventory:
  (1)  Purpose:
      The scenic, historic and fish and wildlife resources of Lincoln 
      County make it a desirable location to visit and in which to 
      reside.  These resources are of importance to the citizens of 
      the county for environmental, social, and economic reasons.  
      The following development guidelines are established to ensure 
      that the viability of such resources is not destroyed.
  (2)  Areas of Concern:
      Areas designated in the Lincoln County Comprehensive Plan 
      Inventory as having value as scenic, historic or fish and 
      wildlife resources shall be subject to the provisions of this 
      section.
  (3)  Considerations:
      The following list indicates the considerations which shall be 
      recognized in the review of land use actions in areas subject 
      to the provisions of this section:
     (a) Scenic Areas:
        (A)  Maintaining natural vegetation whenever possible.
        (B)  Landscaping areas where vegetation is removed and erosion 
           might result.
        (C)  Screening unsightly land uses, preferably with natural 
           vegetation or landscaping.
        (D)  Limiting rights-of-way widths and numbers of roads 
           intersecting scenic roadways to the minimum needed to 
           safely and adequately serve the uses to which they 
           connect.
        (E)  Limiting signs in size and design so as not to distract 
           from the attractiveness of the area.
        (F)  Siting developments to be compatible with surrounding area 
           development, and recognizing the natural characteristics 
           of the location.
        (G)  Limiting excavation and filling only to those areas where 
           alteration of the natural terrain is necessary, and 
           revegetating such areas as soon as possible.
        (H)  Protecting vistas and other views which are important to 
           be recognized because of their limited number and 
           importance to the visual attractiveness of the area.
        (I)  Concentrating commercial developments in areas where 
           adequate parking and public services are available, and 
           discouraging strip commercial development.
     (b)  Fish and Wildlife Habitats:
        (A)  Protecting water quality and minimizing structural 
           encroachment into natural waterways and drainage ways.
        (B)  Maintaining natural riparian vegetation.  Riparian 
           vegetation as used in this paragraph means naturally 
           occurring vegetation within 50 lineal feet of a body of 
           water as measured along the existing grade.
        (C)  Reestablishment of vegetation in riparian areas when 
           disturbance is unavoidable.
        (D)  Minimizing filling, drainage and channelization in wetland 
           areas.
        (E)  Providing for the maximum practicable amount of open space 
           in development.
        (F)  Maintaining existing native upland vegetation.
        (G)  Retaining large dead trees (snags) when safety 
           considerations permit.
        (H)  Protecting perching trees and maintaining low intensity 
           uses within 150 meters of pigeon mineral springs.
        (I)  Protection of trees within the primary nest zone (the area 
           encompassed by the boundary drawn to enclose all nests) or 
           heron rookeries.
        (J)  Maintaining natural vegetation within 100 meters of the 
           primary nest zones of heron rookeries.
        (K)  Preservation of trees and maintenance of low intensity 
           uses within a 100 meter radius of eagle and osprey nests.
        (L)  Protection of old growth trees within 400 meters of 
           existing eagle and osprey nests.
        (M)  Locating dwellings as close as practical to roads, other 
           dwellings and other existing development in areas of major 
           big game range.
        (N)  Minimizing road buildings excavation and other 
           construction activities in areas of major big game range.

...

LCC 1.1940  Airport Areas
       The following development guidelines are applicable to those 
       areas in close proximity to airports within the county, and 
       particularly in approach pattern areas:
  1.1940(1)  Purpose:
       Since airports are an important community asset and 
       investment, they must be protected form [sic] encroaching 
       incompatible uses which may subsequently have a deleterious
       effect on the expansion or future operation of the facility. 
       These development guidelines have been prepared in order to 
       achieve the potential of all airports.  The operation of 
       airports should not be placed in jeopardy or be limited by 
       future standards that would be enacted to provide for
       the safety and health of structures and inhabitants when they 
       should initially have been limited or prevented from
       locating in close proximity to the airport facility.
  1.1940(2)  Areas of Concern:
       At the present time there are four public airport or landing 
       facilities in the county which warrant the provision of some 
       means of protection.  They are located at Siletz Bay, Toledo,
       Newport, and Waconda Beach.  Areas of concern around each of 
       these facilities are delineated on County Zoning Maps.  
       Private landing strips and heliports are not delineated but
       may still be subject to applicable restrictions.
  1.1940(3)  Standards:
       The following standards shall apply in airport areas:
    (a)  Airport Area Height Limitations:
       Except as otherwise provided in this section, no structure 
       shall be erected, altered, or maintained, and no tree shall be 
       allowed to grow to a height in excess of the applicable height
       herein established. Such height limitations shall be 
       established in accordance with regulations of the Federal 
       Aviation Administration relating to objects affecting 
       navigable airspace, 14 CFR Part 77.
    (b)  Use Restrictions:
       Regardless of any other provisions of this section, no use may 
       be made of land or water within any area covered by this 
       section in such a manner as to create electrical interference 
       with navigational signals or radio communication between the 
       airport and aircraft, make it difficult for pilots to 
       distinguish between airport lights and other lights, result in 
       glare in the eyes of pilots using the airport, impair 
       visibility in the vicinity of the airport, create bird strike 
       hazards, or otherwise in any way endanger or interfere with 
       the landing, takeoff, or maneuvering of aircraft intending to 
       use the airport.
    (c)  Marking and Lighting:
       The owner of any existing nonconforming structure or tree is 
       hereby required to permit the installation, operation, and 
       maintenance thereon of such markers and lights as shall be 
       deemed necessary by Lincoln County to indicate to the 
       operators of aircraft in the vicinity of the airport the
       presence of such airport obstruction.  Such markers and lights 
       shall be installed, operated, and maintained at the expense of 
       the airport owner.
    (d)  Future Uses:
       Except for the exceptions provided in paragraph (e) of this 
       subsection, no material change shall be made in the use of 
       land, no structure shall be erected or otherwise established, 
       and no tree shall be planted in any airport area unless 
       approved by the Lincoln County Planning Commission or
       Planning Division through a conditional use permit.  Each 
       application shall indicate the purpose for which the approval 
       is desired, with sufficient detail to permit it to be 
       determined whether the resulting use, structure, or tree would 
       conform to the regulations herein prescribed.  If such
       determination is in the affirmative, the approval may be 
       granted.  No permit for a use inconsistent with the provisions 
       of this section shall be granted.
    (e)  Exceptions:
        (A)  In the area lying within the limits of the horizontal 
           zone and conical zone, no permit shall be required for any 
           tree or structure less than 50 feet of vertical height 
           above the ground, except when, because of terrain, land 
           contour, or topographic features, such tree or structure 
           would extend above the height limits prescribed for such 
           zones.
        (B)  In areas lying within the limits of the approach zones 
           but at a horizontal distance of not less than 4,200 feet 
           from each end of the runway, no permit shall be required
           for any tree or structure less than 50 feet of vertical 
           height above the ground, except when such tree or 
           structure would extend above the height limit prescribed 
           for such approach zones.
        (C)  In the areas lying within the limits of the transition 
           zones beyond the perimeter of the horizontal zone, no 
           approval shall be required for any tree or structure less
           than 50 feet of vertical height above the ground, except 
           when such tree or structure, because of terrain,
           land contour, or topographic features, would extend above 
           the height limit prescribed for such transition zones.
        (D)  Nothing contained in any of the foregoing exceptions 
           shall be construed as permitting or intending to permit 
           any construction, or alteration of any structure, or 
           growth of any tree in excess of any height limits 
           established by this section.
    (f)  Existing Uses:
         No approval shall be granted that would allow the 
         establishment or creation of an obstruction or permit a 
         nonconforming use, structure, or tree to become a greater 
         hazard to air navigation, than it was on June 25, 1980, or 
         than it is when the application for a permit is made.
    (g)  Variances:
         Any person desiring to erect or increase the height of any 
         structure, or permit the growth of any tree, or use property 
         not in accordance with the regulations prescribed in this 
         section, may apply to the Planning Division or Commission 
         for a variance from such regulations in accordance with
         LCC 1.1801 through 1.1830.  The application for variance 
         shall be accompanied by a determination from the Federal 
         Aviation Administration and the Aeronautics Division of the
         Department of Transportation [In July 2000, the Department 
         of Transportation Aeronautics Division became the Oregon 
         Department of Aviation, according to their "Agency History" at
         http://www.aviation.state.or.us/departments/history.shtml] 
         as to the effect of the 
         proposal on operation of air navigation facilities and the 
         safe, efficient use of navigable airspace.  Such variances 
         may be allowed where the requirements of LCC 1.1810 have 
         been met and it is found that the relief granted will not be
         contrary to the public interest and will not create a hazard 
         to air navigation.  Additionally, no application for 
         variance to the requirements of this section may be 
         considered by the Planning Commission or Planning
         Department unless a copy of the application has been 
         furnished to the airport owner for comment as to the 
         aeronautical effects of the variance. Failure of the airport 
         owner to respond to the request for comments shall not 
         prevent Lincoln County from acting on its own to grant or
         deny the application.
    (h)  Land Uses Within Airport Areas:
         All structures and uses within the airport areas shall 
         conform to the requirements of regulations of the Federal 
         Aviation Administration relating to objects affecting
         navigable airspace, 14 CFR Part 77, and to other federal and 
         state laws regulating structural height, smoke, steam or 
         dust and other hazards to flight, air navigation, or public 
         health, safety and welfare.  Within the various airport 
         areas, certain uses are compatible and certain uses are not
         because of possible negative effects on either the airport 
         or the use. Such effects on the airport may include danger 
         to property or life from accident, noise, and vibration. 
         Because of these factors, the special airport zones have 
         been further limited or restricted as follows:
        (A)  Approach Zones:
             (i)  The following uses are prohibited except as 
                  required for airport use:
                 (aa)  Places of public assembly.
                 (bb)  Residential density greater than one unit per 
                       five acres.
                 (cc)  Retirement homes and other residential 
                       institutions.
                 (dd)  Hospitals.
                 (ee)  Schools.
                 (ff)  Aggregate extraction where ponding and birds 
                       pose a strike hazard.
                 (gg)  Above ground power lines within clear zones.
                 (hh)  Storage of hazardous material as defined by 
                       the National Fire Protection Association.
                 (ii)  Communications towers.
                 (jj)  Solid waste disposal sites.
                 (kk)  Commercial or industrial use with potential 
                       operations hazards such as electrical
                       interference, high intensity lighting, smoke, 
                       glare, noise, and other hazards.
             (ii)  All other uses as listed in the underlying zone 
                   with a hold-harmless agreement and navigational 
                   easement.
        (B)  Clear Zones:
             (i)  The clear zone shall be free of any construction or 
                  obstacle and shall be minimally used by people.
             (ii)  Agriculture which does not attract birds is 
                  compatible, but no structures are allowed.
             (iii)  Above ground power lines are prohibited.
             (iv)  Airport clear zones are subject to the conditions 
                  as shown in the airport's master plan.
        (C)  Moderate Noise Impact Zone (LDN 55+):
             (i)  Schools, hospitals, nursing homes, theaters, 
                  auditoriums, residential development and all
                  other places of public assembly shall have noise 
                  insulation in accordance with Oregon Department
                  of Environmental Quality standards and 
                  recommendations.
             (ii)  Housing shall be oriented such that screening with 
                  fences, berms or other treatment reduce awareness 
                  of the airport.
        (D)  Substantial Noise Impact Zone (LDN 65+):
             (i)  Airport terminal with appropriate insulation.
             (ii)  Hangers.
             (iii)  Other airport related uses only.


Oregon Administrative Rule (OAR) 660-033-0130(5)

OAR 660-033-0130(5):

(5) Approval requires review by the governing body or its designate under ORS 215.296. Uses may be approved only where such uses:
(a) Will not force a significant change in accepted farm or forest practices on surrounding lands devoted to farm or forest use; and
(b) Will not significantly increase the cost of accepted farm or forest practices on lands devoted to farm or forest use.

This is from searching for "0130" in Land Conservation and Development Department. Division 33. Agricultural Land.

OAR 660-033 is 30 pages long when printed out in Internet Explorer, so it is a fairly large file.


Oregon Revised Statute (ORS) Chapter 215. County Planning; Zoning; Housing Codes

Lincoln County Conditional Uses within an Agricultural Conservation zone are said to be reviewed as required in ORS 215, according to Lincoln County Code (LCC) 1.1630(17).

"Chapter 215. County Planning; Zoning; Housing Codes" is 84 pages long when printed out in Internet Explorer, so it takes some time to download on a dial-up Internet connection. It is long and confusing--to understand it, one may need to be a land use expert or lawyer to be able to interpret it.

In a computer search of this file for "heli" (which should find helicopter, heliport, and helipad), I found two mentions of "helicopter"; however, there appears to be an error in the file as the second mention appears to indicate that the second section is the same ORS as the first and has been mistakenly repeated.

I do not know if Lincoln County adopted a "marginal lands system" prior to 1993 or if this ORS applies to the proposed South Beaver Creek heliport because I do not know if the Agriculture Conservation zoning is "exclusive farm use."

Note that below in ORS 215.213(2d[h]), "occasional" and "infrequent" applies to guests of the airport owner, not to the airport owner.

The only passages that I think are relevant ( ...=material not included because I did not think it was relevant):

ORS 215.213.  Uses permitted in exclusive farm use zones 
        in counties that adopted marginal lands system prior to 1993.
  ...
   ORS 215.213(2)  In counties that have adopted marginal lands provisions under
        ORS 197.247 (1991 Edition), the following uses may be 
        established in any area zoned for exclusive farm use subject 
        to ORS 215.296: 
  ...
     ORS 215.213(2)(d) Operations conducted for:
  ...
          ORS 215.213(2)(d)(h)  Personal-use airports for airplanes and helicopter 
             pads, including associated hangar, maintenance and 
             service facilities.  A personal-use airport as used in 
             this section means an airstrip restricted, except for 
             aircraft emergencies, to use by the owner, and, on an 
             infrequent and occasional basis, by invited guests, and 
             by commercial aviation activities in connection with 
             agricultural operations.  No aircraft may be based on a 
             personal-use airport other than those owned or 
             controlled by the owner of the airstrip.  Exceptions to 
             the activities permitted under this definition may be 
             granted through waiver action by the Oregon Department 
             of Aviation in specific instances.  A personal-use 
             airport lawfully existing as of September 13, 1975, 
             shall continue to be permitted subject to any applicable 
             rules of the Oregon Department of Aviation.  

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